Monday, August 24, 2020

Progressive Reform and Howe Essay -- essays research papers

Lourdes Vazquez Area 1I Question 3â â â â â Changing America Individuals face change from multiple points of view. Some grasp it, some run from it, and some don’t even notification it. Change encompasses us each snapshot of consistently; change is steady. Change is one of the words the words that can be utilized to portray America as it moved into the twentieth century; change was wherever as the nineteenth century offered path to the thundering twentieth. This change anyway was radical as the individuals off this time saw a world which they had once known and appreciated disappear before their eyes just to be supplanted by huge business, degenerate governmental issues, and repulsive working conditions. In light of this numerous residents concluded that they also would make changes. These individuals were known as progressives and however they varied in what they felt should have been done to address all the change that encompassed them, they were as yet a lot of individuals who grasped the possibility of not just creation changes, yet making them for the better of all versus a chosen few. Likewise with any story, that of the dynamic time, has not one, nor two, nor even three sides yet many. In spite of the numerous perspectives showed by the progressives, the development itself was one that extraordinarily influenced American life and is hence a crucial and utile authentic idea. The word progress recommends pushing ahead or making enhancements, consequently it tends to be said that the dynamic development was only that, a push to move forward; forward to change and away from the adverse impacts that industrialization had brought upon the country. Political machines were running urban areas, enormous business was controlling everything, and the working conditions individuals needed to suffer to fix a living were terrible. America was loaded up with thoughts and ideas its kin had never observed. Private companies were squashed by large ones as there existed no enactment to control them. The country had consistently kept up a free enterprise theory when managing the business and was experiencing issues in doing in any case. Similarly organizations were not helpful as they didn't perceive any purpose behind changing the hands-off strategy America had been established on. America had never observed industrialized work either. Everything had consistently been done on the homestead, for a few people, not a few hundred. The administration when all is said in done had consistently had very distant... ...tself. In all notwithstanding, it was these numerous changes, as various and as spread out as they were, that characterize a time loaded up with change, evolving way of life, changing family structure, an evolving working environment, evolving organizations, and evolving urban communities. Individuals had no real option except to go up against these progressions with changes of their own. Was there an ordinary kind of individual who gone up against this change? No it takes assorted types and the dynamic time was no special case. Truth be told, what made the dynamic time so successful was the heap of individuals who characterize it. The numerous thoughts and ideas controlled by reformers of the nation met up to meet political defilement, huge business, and work questions head on.. Every one of these issues were dealt with in various manners, with various methods of reasoning, yet they were taken care of in any case. By what method can the dynamic period not be viewed as a chronicle d idea? An idea is certainly not an exacting or inflexible thought, it is only that, an idea, a free thought under which numerous comparative ones may fall, for when it was totally said and done, changes were made, and more changes occurred, until America’s individuals had some way or another reacted to all the progressions that have helped molded it into the country it is today.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Battle Royal Essays

Fight Royal Essays Fight Royal Essay Fight Royal Essay â€Å"Battle Royal† by Ralph Ellison is the tale about youthful African-American man who needs to substantiate himself in White predominant society 1920s. Fight imperial is one of the primary images that show hardship the storyteller needed to experience to convey his discourse and that white individuals are in charge. His battle goes past the character and speaks to the battles of all African-American individuals in quest for equivalent treatment. Fight imperial shows control White individuals have over African-Americans. Storyteller came to give a discourse however first he was requested to take part in the battle with his individual schoolmates. Despite the fact that the storyteller has some â€Å"misgivings over the fight royal† (279), he doesn’t fight. â€Å"There was nothing to do except for what we were told† (280). Blacks are free individuals by law, still they keep on getting enslavementary treatment. White men are in charge of everything African-Americans want: correspondence, cash, occupations. â€Å"Everybody battled every other person. No gathering battled together for long†(281). A similar way African-Americans didn’t help out one another to battle against White force. They were contending with one another, looking for Whites dependability. They trusted that the best servers would get abundance to cash and status. Blindfold added disarray and uneasiness to the battle. â€Å"I could no longer control my feelings. I had no respect. I staggered about like an infant or an inebriated man† (281). Young men can’t anticipate from what side they will get hit. They can’t organize their activities since they don’t have the information on their environmental factors. African-Americans were looking for equity yet a considerable lot of them were blindfolded additionally: they didn’t realize who to battle or how. During the battle, storytellers blindfold turns out to be free. He picks up the information on the environmental factors and can all the more likely control his activities. It gives him favorable position to different young men. The equivalent happens when he gets the grant. Instruction was accessible predominantly to white individuals. It puts storyteller one bit nearer to their level. It gives him trust that one day he can be equivalent. Fight Royal shows control white individuals had over Black individuals and the battles of African-Americans in their quest for correspondence. Grant gives the storyteller, who is illustrative of African-American culture, trust that one day he can get equivalent to white man.

Wednesday, July 22, 2020

Writing Paper Online Is a New Way to Write Research Papers

Writing Paper Online Is a New Way to Write Research PapersWriting papers online is quickly becoming a reality. More people are utilizing online services such as Twitter, Facebook, blogs, and forums to communicate. It's very much the way the internet was conceived, yet, it's not always easy to organize. It's very much like organizing all your other files on a computer, but now you have to go through each of these little pieces to find the papers you need.One of the major problems with online research is that the more time you put into doing the research, the less time you will have left for actually finishing the paper. Although researching can be very time consuming, you need to realize that the best research is done when you're not actively involved in the process. To effectively conduct research online, you should consider taking breaks, eating, and even sleeping during the process.If you want to start researching online, you need to first learn the basics. For example, you will ne ed to download a program that can allow you to conduct a search, sort the results by category, and then allow you to select a specific set of documents. This program is known as an internet search software. It allows you to get more information on the topic at hand.One of the best parts about writing a paper online is that you can print the documents that you get from the research. Although you may be able to do this from home or in your office, the benefit is that it is no longer necessary to spend money on paper. As long as you have internet access, you will be able to print the papers you get from researching the web. All you have to do is download the required programs and let them do the work for you.When you're done with the papers, you can then save the results. After doing so, you can use the program to sort them and print the documents that you wish to look at. You can then use your own personal computer to print them. This means that you won't have to pay for anything as y ou work at home.Because you'll be saving your papers as you work, you can get your prints later if you wish. However, it is important to remember that the more documents you get from researching the web, the more money you're going to spend on the prints. You also have to make sure that you get the right format for the prints. This is because printing in the wrong format will cause the documents to not look very nice.Using research papers online service is a great way to take out the stress from writing. There are some places that can provide you with professional looking documents that you can use to write your final paper. If you are using the service to get your final paper, it is important to note that the most important thing is that the results you get are going to be professional.Although writing research papers online is new, the fact that you can use it is not. Writing these types of papers is extremely helpful to students, professionals, and the like. You will be able to c reate a solid document that will be used by others in order to achieve their goals. It's a great tool for students and professionals that are looking for a way to write effectively online.

Friday, May 22, 2020

Gangster Squad - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1241 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/04/12 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Gang Violence Essay Did you like this example? Ruben Fleischer, which was made in January 2013. The genre of the movie is American action, crime, and thriller. I selected this movie because it just intrigues me how the underground world got started in Hollywood through gangs, big money, and drugs. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Gangster Squad" essay for you Create order What caught my attention on the poster was the name of the movie and how it looked like it was going to be in the 20th century and how the characters were ready for a fight. It takes place in Los Angeles where the mafia mostly got its start. Its about how the Los Angeles Police Department has to stop a mob boss or a mafia gang to make the streets better. The movie poster seems to represent an era in the early twentieth century according to the attire and the weapons in the picture. It makes it that century because the hair style the men have is slicked back indicating that the movie takes place in the forties or fifties. All three men are wearing light blue suits which could indicate they might be a detective or private investigation. The use of a tommy gun makes it like this too, because robbers dont use that kind of weaponry today. A lot of action is taking place in this poster with many things happening. The man on the left, Ryan Gosling, appears to be in his mid-thirties or forties. He seems to be thinking about a memory or maybe it could be at the girl in the bottom right. Just how their posture is on both of them. Goslings face looks more calm and collective than the other two men on the poster. In his right hand hes holding a cigarette, which could mean he is under stress or going through a hard time in his life. He also seems to be sitting down in a chair based on how hes resting his arm on his leg. Hes facing away towards the side of the poster, where there is a light glistening on half his face. It could indicate that hes looking at something thats towards a bright object. On the front of the poster it says, No Names. No Badges. No Mercy. This means that no names will be given for someone who ratted out. No badges indicate that some of the people on the poster are undercover cops. It could also be that certain men dont want to have their names seen on their badges to lose their identity. No mercy is probably suggesting that they have to do what they have to do. To no mercy that the men are going to do anything it takes to stop either the police force or the mafia, and nobody is safe. Followed by the quote, there is a woman (Emma Stone) wearing a bright red dress. It could signify that shes very seductive-showing her full body as opposed to the men shown. The color of the red dress could indicate love and passion, which could suggest some romance with one of the main characters. She has a seductive facial expression and posture as if shes looking at someone or the audience. Next to her feet is the release date of the movie on January 11th. The Hollywoodland sign in the background means that it takes place in the late forties of Los Angeles. The land part was torn down because the whole sign needed to be repaired and it didnt want to reflect the district as Hollywoodland as a housing development. The sky in the background is cloudy and creates a darkness over the three characters symbolizing a possible crime or action. The dark sky could also mean that things are going to be foul play or even death. The character on the right of the poster has a serious expression. Hes holding a pistol, pointing it towards the front of the poster. He might be looking at someone who is probably armed or a criminal. He seems to be an officer or undercover cop based on his appearance. He has his eyes locked on something that isnt shown and his finger ready on the trigger in case that someone is trying to get away from him. The final character in the upper middle section has an aggressive facial expression. Hes looking towards what Ryan Gosling is looking at, but he has his head down and his eyes are up as if he is looking at someone on a higher level than he is. He is also holding a tommy gun in his left hand, which it could probably signify that he is the leader of the two men or the mob boss of a gang or the enemy of them. He has more darkness on his face than the other characters on the poster meaning that hes the bad guy in the movie. In the middle of the three men there appears to be an explosion of some sort or a big blaze. It has six men in front of the flame as if they may blown up something and not feel bad about it. Behind the men and in the flames appears to be an old car of some sort. It probably had the six men in the vehicle or someone died in it. It could also be that they are above the movie title Gangster Squad and may be the squad in the movie. The poster designer is probably trying to get everyones attention of the three men with weapons and the flames between them. To also make people know that its going to be an action and adventure movie set back in the forties with gangsters in it. The target audience is people who are into mafia movies, crime, action, thriller, and violence. All the names of the main actors in the movie are in the poster besides one. It could be that the character dies maybe or hes with the other six men in the flames. It doesnt include the directors name, probably to keep the poster looking like an old poster. The poster Gangster Squad is effective for a person who wants to see a classic mafia movie with old cars, guns, and flashy clothing. Some people might want to just relive that old feeling of Los Angeles. Its trying to bring in people who are from that kind of era or who have seen things about mafia gangsters. The audience it tries to bring in are probably teens to sixty or seventy year olds who enjoy these kind of movies. This poster really makes me want to go see it just by looking at the characters and the tommy gun itself. To me, I think this poster is successful, but the director should add more of like a city in the back besides the hills of Hollywood. Maybe to some people the hills could signify that its hard to get over things. I particularly like that this movie poster had that retro look to it. It makes me want to revisit what it felt like to be there when all that happened in Los Angeles. I dont have anything really to dislike about the poster. Its a great movie poster describing most of what everyone would expect in the movie by just the characters, title, and the background. Overall, Gangster Squad really looks like a great movie to watch and encourage people who like mafia and gangsters. This is a must see!

Thursday, May 7, 2020

Lightness And Darkness By Michael Clark - 1377 Words

Michael Clark suggests the author James Baldwin uses a theme of lightness and darkness to support the metaphors of childhood. Baldwin connects the culture of Harlem in the 1950s to lightness and darkness not only with childhood, but all stages of a person’s life. I believe Baldwin uses the motif to connect what one has learned as a child and transform those teachings and apply them within your adult life. During this time period, Harlem was flourishing with aspiring artists, writers and musicians. People in Harlem were free to create, explore and expand their ways of thinking. However, this freedom was followed by delinquency, crime and drug use. The setting and time period is significant to â€Å"Sonny’s Blue’s† as it informs the reader on the past and social upbringing of the Harlem culture. Baldwin reveals after the Great Depression and World War II the atmosphere of Harlem changed. The people who lived there were no longer aspiring to do great. People were struggling to find work and pay for their bills. Harlem and the individuals who resided there struggled financially and lived their lives in poverty. The background in regards to Harlem informs the reader that growing up in this area is not easy; temptation exists everywhere you go. Wherever lightness is present, a sort of darkness accompanies it. The author uses lightness and darkness to portray the achievements and disappointments of living in Harlem, discrimination against African Americans and the relationship

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Intercommunication Free Essays

If was to buy the list I would sale contact method that I would use would be contacting them in person, although it would be time consuming and expensive, I would want them to see me and know that I am serious about business. I would be able to directly answer any questions that they might have and it is always good to put a face to someone wanting to do business. Cold calling assumes sales people will be successful If they can reach the right person In an organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Intercommunication or any similar topic only for you Order Now I do not think that cold calling should be used but It Is the only way that some can get through. Cold calling focuses on getting past the middle people. A person who calls Like this tries to let the buyer know why they should make a purchase decision right now. They can create a negative experience. I know that I do not Like when people call me and push me to buy something. Many people are so often hit with advertising messages from TV, newspapers, magazines and it is hard to get their attention. Direct mall can help build relationships between you and whomever you are trying to reach. It is more personal because you can say what you want and have time to put your thoughts together and express whatever it is you need to and is also cost efficient. Most consumers are receptive to direct mail. Yes, I consider sending these contacts unsolicited emails spam. Most of us get spam every day, ranging from a little to a lot, but if you have an e-mail account it is always there. It is frustrating when you open your business email and before you can respond to your customers or email your suppliers, you have spam. I feel that it is just a way for people to try to get you to buy into something, Spam is of no importance to me. How to cite Intercommunication, Papers

Monday, April 27, 2020

Minimum Wage in Saudi Arabia and Other Countries

Introduction The national wage structure influences socioeconomic indicators such as poverty and unemployment levels. It specifies the statutory minimum wages for the low-tier workforce in commerce, industry, and other sectors. Nations that have ratified the ILO conventions have mechanisms and procedures for setting the minimum wage in line with their socioeconomic development policies. The minimum wage is the lowest statutory limit of remuneration for wage earners in different sectors or regions.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Minimum Wage in Saudi Arabia and Other Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In Saudi, in a bid to foster Saudization, the labour ministry sanctioned a monthly minimum wage of $800 in 2012, causing a shift in labour demand and supply (Saudi Ministry of Labour 2). This research paper examines the notion of fair wage and the impact of minimum wage policies on the Saudi vs. Mal aysia’s labour markets. It also explores the correlation between higher wages and workforce productivity. Fair Wage The minimum wage delimits the lowest remuneration sufficient to meet family needs, taking into account the economic indicators, type of occupation, and collective bargaining considerations (â€Å"The World Factbook: Saudi Arabia† par. 8). Nations reserve the discretion, under the ILO convention number 131, to fix statutory minimum wage rates through a consultative process involving social actors from different industries or sectors (â€Å"The World Factbook: Saudi Arabia† par. 14). Therefore, minimum wages may differ depending on the type of sector or enterprise. Fair wage encompasses better working conditions, employment benefits, and social security to reduce income inequalities and improve living standards. The key attributes of fair wage include regularity of the payment, lump-sum pay, and non-discriminatory practices. A fair wage is a product of an impartial wage structure that considers not only variables such as job skills, competencies, and professional experience, but also the working conditions of the workforce. The concept of fairness in the minimum wage also discourages the practice of subjecting workers to long working hours. Therefore, a fair wage is the minimum living wage that â€Å"just share of the fruits of progress† and improved performance (International Labour Office [ILO] 103). In this respect, the fair wage expands the concepts of the living wage and minimum wage to include the conditions of work. The minimum wages in the production industry vary widely even among manufacturers involved in the same line of business. In 2014, the global minimum wage for the clothing and textile sectors averaged 35% and 25% lower than the overall rate in the production industry (â€Å"The World Factbook: Saudi Arabia† par. 24).Advertising Looking for research paper on labor law? Let's see if we can hel p you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Salary levels varied between â‚ ¬752 and â‚ ¬1,442 for skilled and unskilled workers, respectively. In most countries, textile sector wages are substantially higher than clothing sector wages (â€Å"The World Factbook: Saudi Arabia† par. 26). The differences stem from the fact that public agencies set a different rate for each sector. A key attribute of a fair wage is non-discrimination of workers. In countries like Cambodia, male workers earned 13.3% more than their female counterparts between 2004 and 2008 did, contravening the concept of fair wage (â€Å"The World Factbook: Saudi Arabia† par. 17). Male workers, in both clothing and textile factories, occupy managerial roles, and thus, earn better compensation than female workers receive. The ILO requires countries to create laws that protect workers against excessive work hours, entitle them to annual leave, and provide overtime compensation (92). Th us, minimum wages in the textile and clothing factories negate the fair wage concept as employees work long hours without overtime compensation and do not receive the recommended leave days. A Comparison of Minimum Wage Policies: Saudi Arabia vs. Malaysia Saudi Arabia In 2011, the Saudi Ministry of Labour launched the Nataqat policy to boost the population of locals in the workforce and reduce unemployment. The Nataqat, which is Arabic for ‘zones’, groups firms in Saudi, including multinational companies, into four categories, â€Å"red, yellow, green, and platinum† based on the proportion of Saudi nationals employed (Saudi Ministry of Labour 5). Depending on the category, a firm can enjoy certain privileges or receive sanctions (red zone) for employing a disproportionate number of expats. The policy has increased the demand for Saudi professionals and increased the minimum wage rate, causing the demand curve to move to the right. The effect of this policy has ha d on the demand curve can be illustrated as shown in Graph 1 below. Graph 1: The effect of the Nataqat policy on minimum wage Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Minimum Wage in Saudi Arabia and Other Countries specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Before 2012, Saudi Arabia had no policy to guide minimum wage rates across various sectors (Saudi Ministry of Labour 2). In 2012, the Saudi government set a statutory monthly rate of $800 for both public servants and private sector employees. Subsequently, the Saudi Ministry of Labour created a legislation demanding that all Saudi nationals employed in private firms be remunerated over the minimum wage for a company to qualify for Nitaqat privileges (6). In this respect, most Saudi workers earn an income exceeding $800 per month. The higher minimum wage encouraged the Saudis to work. The competitive wages coupled with the favourable Nataqat policy had a dual effect o f driving the demand for Saudi labour force to the right and reducing unemployment levels as shown in Graph 2 below. Graph 2: The effect of minimum wage policy on labour demand The Saudi authorities implemented stricter work permit laws for foreign workers in 2012. Expatriates pay up to $650 per annum to receive a one-year renewable work permit (Saudi Ministry of Labour 4). The same law also prohibits them from switching employers in the middle of their contract. These laws led to an increase in the supply of local labour force while that of expatriates declined by up to 20% in one year (â€Å"The World Factbook: Saudi Arabia† par. 6). The implementation of these initiatives led to an increase in the minimum wages as well as the demand for local workers. Graph 3: The effect of employment statutes on labour supply Advertising Looking for research paper on labor law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The minimum wage rate implemented in Saudi has led to an increase in the supply of local workers. However, the Nitaqat and stricter laws that limit the number of expats in the country have increased the demand for Saudi workers. Malaysia The Malaysian government adopted different minimum wage laws in 2013 for various regions. Accordingly, the monthly minimum wage stands at â€Å"RM900 or $216 for Peninsular Malaysia and RM800 or $192 for Sabah, Sarawak, and Labuan† (Yuen 19). The policy aims at promoting the standards of living of 27% of the workforce and their households while incentivising investment inflows. The multiple rates have increased the minimum wage of agricultural sector workers across Malaysia. The policy has also enhanced labour efficiency and participation, eliminating market distortions (Yuen 21). Unlike Saudi, Malaysia’s unemployment levels have remained low since implementing the policy while the demand for labour continues to rise. Yuen attributes t his trend to Malaysia’s strong economic structures and a stable labour market (23). Therefore, Malaysia’s minimum wage policy has caused the demand curve to shift to the right while the unemployment levels have remained low, indicating that the supply of the workforce matches the demand. Unlike Saudi Arabia, Malaysia has a low proportion of foreign workers. Therefore, Malaysia does not have the unemployment problem (surplus labour force) experienced by Saudi Arabia. The influx of foreign workers into Saudi increases labour supply, affecting minimum wage rates. Nonlocal workers from low-income countries are preferred to the Saudis by multinational enterprises because they earn lower wages than their Saudi counterparts do. However, policy initiatives such as the Nitaqat have the potential of limiting the number of expatriates entering Saudi to stabilise the labour market. Strategies for Solving the Low-Wage Problem Countries employ a variety of mechanisms ranging from pe rsuasion to sanctions to address minimum wage challenges. Persuasion centres on the concepts of ‘fair play’ in minimum wage matters. Public authorities use persuasion as a strategy to build a â€Å"culture of compliance† among employers (ILO 77). Persuasive actions can occur at interpersonal or societal level. For example, interpersonal discussions between the US authorities and coal-mining firms in the 1980s enhanced compliance with fair wage and safety provisions (ILO 92). Persuasive processes can also occur at the societal level whereby employers who fail to meet the minimum wage requirements are depicted as unfair and exploitative. In the US, the government promoted the living wage in the 1990s as the â€Å"means of achieving individual independence† (ILO 81). In response, county authorities enacted laws requiring local firms to raise their wage level above the national minimum wage. Countries also establish minimum wage regulations to enhance complian ce. The minimum wage is arrived at through a consultative process involving the government, firms, workers’ unions, and social actors, making it legally binding. The collective bargaining process yields a mutually agreed rate that is institutionalised by the public authorities. The process enhances compliance because it entails binding agreements as opposed to top-down federal regulations. For example, the Uruguayan government, in 2006, established wage councils charged with the responsibility of minimum wage fixing and review (ILO 55). The intention was to tame plummeting minimum wage levels and improve the standards of living. The approach saw the monthly minimum wage nearly double (176%) between 2000 and 2008 (ILO 118). The tripartite wage fixing process in Uruguay helped bridge the income gap between male and female workers and regions. It also ensured a common understanding of the minimum wage regulations by employers and employees. In this regard, the country implemente d a national minimum wage system, as opposed to a sector-specific wage to solve its low wage problems. Besides regulation, governments use capacity-building measures to foster compliance. Employers and workers receive training to build their capacity to comply with the minimum wage law. This strategy empowers workers and enhances their understanding of employee rights. Public authorities and trade unions spearhead capacity-building initiatives in the US and the UK to increase minimum wage awareness in key sectors such as hospitality (ILO 121). The initiatives primarily centre on minimum wage implementation and working conditions. The aim is to prevent underpayment stemming from the lack of information about the minimum wage and improve the enforcement of labour standards in at-risk industries. Governments also use labour inspections and monitoring to enhance compliance with the statutory minimum wage. Labour inspection entails monitoring the compliance of a firm with wage rates to i dentify and punish non-compliant employers (ILO 119). Workers and unions can also monitor the employers’ compliance with labour standards. Arbitration councils also exist to resolve disputes out of court. In the US and Switzerland, tripartite arbitration councils comprising of representatives of the government, workers, and firms examine collective agreements and make determinations related to minimum wage violations. Minimum wage violations attract legal sanctions, including hefty fines, in countries that have ratified the ILO conventions. The fines are meant to deter non-compliance with minimum wage provisions. Usually, non-compliant employers are forced to give a payback compensation equivalent to the minimum salary multiplied by the number of times the offence has been repeated (ILO 116). In the US, criminal prosecution is possible for offenders breaching the minimum wage provisions. Besides sanctions, boycott campaigns and blacklisting of firms constitute other effective tools for enforcing the minimum wage law in the US. Higher Wages and Productivity Labour market trends indicate that the wages paid out to workers are not commensurate with the national productivity (gross output) levels. Labour productivity is the â€Å"output value produced by a worker, a firm, a sector, or a country per a unit of labour input† (Biesebroeck 61). Outputs can be the physical products that come from a production process, sales, or revenue. Labour input measures the amount of work or hours worked depending on the sector and skills required and adjusting for energy requirements and raw materials. In neo-Keynesian models, factors that affect worker productivity also influence wages. In this regard, a decline in productivity will affect employment and wage levels (Biesebroeck 65). Even in inelastic labour demand and supply curves, productivity is equivalent to market wage (price) levels as illustrated in Graph 4 below. Therefore, in the long-term, growth in produ ctivity will lead to a rise in the average wage levels. Changes in labour demand (D1 to D2) increase wages, which, in turn, translates into productivity growth as employees are motivated to work more. Conversely, a decline in demand reduces wages, affecting labour productivity. Graph 4: The correlation between labour supply/demand and wages (P) Factors such as worker heterogeneity and location of work affect the wage-productivity relationship. Workers occupy different positions based on their skills, and therefore, productivity is different for each class of employees (Biesebroeck 72). The location of work also determines the wages a firm pays its employees in line with the country’s minimum wage laws. In Saudi, the wages are higher for foreign and local workers. The adoption of strict employment laws has reduced labour supply, raising the demand for local unskilled workers. In this regard, despite the competitive wages, productivity may decline in Saudi because of the semi- skilled local labour force. In the long term, wages may decline in response to lower productivity. Conclusion Countries implement minimum wage policies to improve the standards of living of the labour force and stabilise the labour market. Saudi’s minimum wage policies have evidently reduced unemployment in the country. Wages have also increased, as demand and supply remain steady. However, the labour laws may affect productivity, leading to a drop in average wages. Works Cited Biesebroeck, Johannes. How Tight is the Link between Wages and Productivity? A  Survey of the Literature. Geneva: International Labour Organization, 2015. Print. International Labour Office [ILO]. Minimum Wage Systems. Geneva: International Labour Conference, 2014. Print. Saudi Ministry of Labour. Annual Statistics Report. Riyadh: Saudi Ministry of Labour, 2012. Print. The World Factbook: Saudi Arabia 2013. Web. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sa.html. Yuen, Joyce. â €Å"Minimum Wage Policy in Malaysia: Its Impact and the Readiness of Firms.† World Applied Sciences Journal 28 (2013): 19-26. Print. This research paper on Minimum Wage in Saudi Arabia and Other Countries was written and submitted by user Al1a to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Thursday, March 19, 2020

Free Essays on Cortes

The Cortà ©s Expedition Grijalva returned to Cuba and relayed to Governor Velzquez the tales of a powerful and wealthy Native American empire located in the interior of Mexico. This news spurred Velzquez to authorize a third expedition, this time commanded by Hernn Cortà ©s. As Cortà ©s loaded his ships and recruited additional men in Cuba, some of his enemies complained that he was a poor choice to lead the expedition. They convinced Velzquez to cancel Cortà ©s’s commission to lead the force. Cortà ©s ignored the orders and set sail in February 1519 with about 600 men, as well as a few cannons and horses. On the Yucatn Peninsula, the expedition rescued a shipwrecked survivor, Jerà ³nimo de Agà ºilar, who had been held captive by the Maya for eight years. He would provide the Spaniards with a valuable translator of the Mayan language. The expedition sailed west along the Yucatn Peninsula and the Gulf Coast, engaging in a major battle against Tabascan warriors at the mouth of the Grijalva River. Cortà ©s quickly realized the value of horses in battling the Native American peoples- the Tabascans had never seen horses and many fled in fear. The expedition sailed north in search of a good harbor and established a town, La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz, at what is now the city of Veracruz. Cortà ©s organized an independent government, renounced the authority of Governor Velzquez, and acknowledged only the supreme authority of the Spanish monarchy. In order to prevent any of his men from deserting because of these actions, Cortà ©s destroyed his fleet. When Cortà ©s started to march inland he had about 500 men remaining. The Spaniards soon encountered the Tlaxcalan people, who lived east of the Aztec Empire and resented Aztec domination. Despite this resentment, the Tlaxcalans initially battled the Spanish invaders. After two weeks of fighting and heavy native losses, the Tlaxcalans surrendered and became allies of the Spaniards agains... Free Essays on Cortes Free Essays on Cortes The Cortà ©s Expedition Grijalva returned to Cuba and relayed to Governor Velzquez the tales of a powerful and wealthy Native American empire located in the interior of Mexico. This news spurred Velzquez to authorize a third expedition, this time commanded by Hernn Cortà ©s. As Cortà ©s loaded his ships and recruited additional men in Cuba, some of his enemies complained that he was a poor choice to lead the expedition. They convinced Velzquez to cancel Cortà ©s’s commission to lead the force. Cortà ©s ignored the orders and set sail in February 1519 with about 600 men, as well as a few cannons and horses. On the Yucatn Peninsula, the expedition rescued a shipwrecked survivor, Jerà ³nimo de Agà ºilar, who had been held captive by the Maya for eight years. He would provide the Spaniards with a valuable translator of the Mayan language. The expedition sailed west along the Yucatn Peninsula and the Gulf Coast, engaging in a major battle against Tabascan warriors at the mouth of the Grijalva River. Cortà ©s quickly realized the value of horses in battling the Native American peoples- the Tabascans had never seen horses and many fled in fear. The expedition sailed north in search of a good harbor and established a town, La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz, at what is now the city of Veracruz. Cortà ©s organized an independent government, renounced the authority of Governor Velzquez, and acknowledged only the supreme authority of the Spanish monarchy. In order to prevent any of his men from deserting because of these actions, Cortà ©s destroyed his fleet. When Cortà ©s started to march inland he had about 500 men remaining. The Spaniards soon encountered the Tlaxcalan people, who lived east of the Aztec Empire and resented Aztec domination. Despite this resentment, the Tlaxcalans initially battled the Spanish invaders. After two weeks of fighting and heavy native losses, the Tlaxcalans surrendered and became allies of the Spaniards agains...

Monday, March 2, 2020

Effect

Sentence Connectors Sentences Showing Cause / Effect Sentence connectors are words and phrases that connect sentences to help with understanding. Sentence connectors are also known as linking language. This linking language can be used to order what you have to say, show opposition, provide clarification and so on. In many grammar books, you will find information about sentence connectors when reading about subordinating conjunctions, coordinating conjunctions and so on. Here are sentence connectors that show cause and effect in written English.   Type of Connector Connector(s) Examples Coordinating conjunctions for (cause), so (effect) Professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient, for their positions are at times rather stressful.The doctor decided a second opinion was required, so Tom was sent to an eye specialist. Subordinating conjunctions because, since, as Since high level positions are at times rather stressful, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.Ive decided to go back to school because Ive always wanted to study philosophy.As the meeting began late, the CEO went directly to his presentation on last quarters sales. Conjunctive adverbs therefore, as a result, consequently High level positions are at times rather stressful. Therefore, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.Susan enjoyed spending her free time at the theater. As a result, she decided to take a vacation in London in order to attend plays.The rent has increased drastically over the past two years. Consequently, weve decided to move to a less expensive city. Prepositions because of, due to, as a result of Due to the stressful nature of high level positions, professionals can sometimes be extremely impatient.Albert left work early because of his appointment with his doctor.Many students spend two or more hours playing video games each day. As a result, their grades suffer and they sometimes need to repeat classes. More About Sentence Connectors Once you have mastered the basics of correct usage in written English, you will want to express yourself in increasingly  complex ways. One of the best ways to improve your writing style is to use sentence connectors. Sentence connectors are used to express relationships between ideas and to combine sentences. The use of these connectors will add sophistication to your writing style. Sentence connectors can do more than show cause and result. Here is a short overview with examples of each type of sentence connector and links to more information. When you want to give additional information: Not only have I not finished my work on the report, but I also need to begin work on next months presentation in New York which is very important.Mark would like to focus on his studies next year. In addition, he wants to look for an internship to improve his resume to help him in his future job hunt. Some sentence connectors show opposition to an idea  or indicate surprise situations. Mary asked for another week to complete the project although she had already spent three weeks in preparation.Despite the economic growth of the past eight years, most middle class citizens are having difficult making ends meet.    Contrasting information with connectors helps you show both sides of any argument: On the one hand, we havent invested in infrastructure over the past three decades. On the other hand, tax revenues are at the lowest in years.Unlike my French class, homework in my business course is challenging and interesting.   Subordinating conjunctions such as if or unless express conditions in various situations. If we dont finish the project soon, our boss will be very upset and fire everyone!She decided to finish school in New York. Otherwise, shed have to move back home and live with her parents. Comparing ideas, objects ,  and people is another use for these connectors: Just as Alice would like to attend art school, Peter wants to go to a music conservatory.  The marketing department feels we need a new add campaign. Similarly, research and development feel our products need a fresh approach.

Saturday, February 15, 2020

The Population Environment Debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

The Population Environment Debate - Essay Example Currently, researchers are trying to frame this debate into a more analytical parameter. This is after they discovered that a framework, which describes the inherent uncertainties in the relationships between population and environment, is vital in giving this debate a direction. Governments are also advised to develop and implement population policy that acknowledges and respects the relationship between population and the environment. Additionally, the entire population should also be engaged, in this debate, to get their views and opinions about the future at the local, regional, and national levels. These actions will help people understand both the positive and negative relationships between population and the environment. Betsy Hartmann first came up with the idea that overpopulation is the primary cause of environmental degradations, and serious population control is required to control this situation (Ramphal et al. 45). He dismissed the idea that population growth was the ma in cause of environmental problems, and reminded researchers to reflect on how population- control programs are not paid much attention. This argument is recognized as the cause of the population-environment debate. Participants of this debate are facing the challenging of considering whether population growth is the cause of environmental degradation, or whether it should be considered as a non-issue, in this debate. Considering one factor, as the effects of population growth on the environment, is what has always given this debate a meaningless direction. Participants need to broaden the basis of their arguments and understand population dynamics and their impacts on the environment (Ramphal et al. 51). While the rate of population growth has significantly slowed down, there is still an increase in the world’s population every year (Ramphal et al. 23). Population growth has a considerable effect on the environment, however; it is difficult to determine whether this impact i n linear or uniform.           

Sunday, February 2, 2020

Factors of Civic Disengagement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Factors of Civic Disengagement - Essay Example However, changes in social structures, economic needs, and order of priorities altered several social obligations. As what Robert Putnam (2000) pointed out, residential mobility, economic hard times, and busyness are prime factors of civic disengagement. To best suit the fluidity of lifestyle of today’s Americans, â€Å"thin, single-stranded... are replacing dense, multi stranded, well-exercised bonds† (Putnam, 2000, p. 184). These bonds are more informal which suit the kind of life they lead. One would say that American civic engagement is slowly declining but this is of course, because of several logical and valid reasons. In the striving economic situation and the frequent rise of price for basic commodities, working individuals are not to blame for disengaging from social activities; however, this is not to approve of it but rather, a more considerate point to address the growing economic needs of the family. On the other hand, Putnam (2000) contends that however th ese busy people work for better financial situation, â€Å"economic good fortune has not guaranteed continued civic engagement† (p. 194); busyness does not excuse them of disengaging from civic life. Another factor is residential mobility (p. 204). The Americans’ mobility largely depends on economy; where employment opportunity is dense, they would be willing to relocate.

Saturday, January 25, 2020

With close reference to at least 2 poems explore how the poets create E

With close reference to at least 2 poems explore how the poets create a sense of mood and atmosphere. In "Porphyria's Lover" by Robert Browning and "Mariana" by Alfred Tennyson, the poets use many different literary techniques to create a sense of mood and atmosphere. They choose their language and vocabulary carefully to make the reader use all of their senses, using techniques such as imagery, rhyme and rhythm. "Porphyria's Lover" begins with a description of the rain and the "sullen wind" which makes the mood seem dark and gloomy, though unlike in "Mariana," this changes later in the poem. This is shown when he appears to be sulking when Porphyria calls and he does not respond. However, Porphyria's entrance into the cottage causes the atmosphere to become warmer by lighting the "cheerless grate," which again could mirror her lover's feelings for her in the same way as the setting in "Mariana" reflects the main character's emotions. This change in atmosphere in "Porphyria's Lover" suggests that she is the most important thing in his world and his source of happiness. In "Mariana," the building has fallen into disrepair, as the flowerpots were "thickly crusted" with moss and the shed was falling apart, which is similar to the feelings in her heart. In the same way that there is no one there to look after the garden, there is no one to love Mariana. The writers use rhythm, rhyme and repetition to give the poems movement and structure. For example, in "Mariana," Tennyson returns to a similar pattern of five lines at the end of each verse, which gives the poem phrasing. In "Porphyria's Lover," repetition is not used as much, but, as in "Mariana" there are patterns in the rhyme at the end of each li... ...oftly. The flowing rhythm makes the mood eerily calm, and this feeling continues right to the end of the poem. The opposite effect is created in "Mariana," as Tennyson uses punctuation such as commas and semi-colons to create breaks, which gives the poem a slow pulse and almost shows the passage of time that Mariana has to put up with. The last three to four lines of each poem have many similarities. Both refer to God, showing the religious thoughts of the time, and, more importantly, the both leave the reader wondering what happens next, and leave many questions unanswered. "Porphyria's Lover" and "Mariana" are both examples of how poets can create depressing and eerie moods and atmosphere using clever vocabulary, imagery, rhyme and rhythm. I think that the poems are both quite romantic, but are both examples of how too much love can be a bad thing.

Friday, January 17, 2020

Benito Mussolini

Benito Mussolini is well-known Italian dictator. From 1992 to 1943, he ruled over Italy as the leader of the Italian government. His administration adhered to fascism, which was established by Mussolini himself. On the 28th of April 1945, due to uprising and his political defeat, he was captured and executed by a firing squad. Benito Mussolini was born on the 29th of July 1883 in Dovia de Predappio in Italy. His family was not granted with a prosperous life as his father worked as a blacksmith and his mother worked as a grade school teacher.The sinister side of Mussolini materialized even during his younger years. In addition to his inability to perform well academically, he also committed violent acts against his peers. Mussolini was capable of perpetrating menacing and treacherous acts, as he was able to stab one of his schoolmates in his attendance at a boarding school. When he grew up, he was able to get a job as a teacher at a secondary school, after acquiring his college diplom a. In 1904, Mussolini joined attended military services and pursued a career in politics from then on.He united with the Socialist Party. Socialism is a political belief or principle that adheres to equal distribution of property and income between the members of the social system. However, in the advent of World War I, he opposed the Socialist Party and joined the rival nationalist group. Shortly after his crossover, he was able to establish a newspaper, which he called Popolo d’Italia. His political beliefs and ideals served as the backbone of the Popolo d’Italia. His then changed ideologies and principles were learning toward Fascism.Fascism was an established political doctrine where the authority is embodied by a dictator who promoted the primary interest of the nation and enforces tyranny to achieve an end. Mussolini despised communism and socialism. To show opposition for these two parties, he organized a group who promoted the ideas of nationalism. In 1921, the result of the elections put him in Parliament where the National Fascist Party was also organized. Mussolini was the leader of this party who has gained over a thousand followers.He abused his position to stay in power and altered the political system into a dictatorship style of government. Several members of the opposition party were assassinated and mass media was influenced into broadcasting propaganda in favor of the National Fascist Party. During his days as leaders of the Italian government, he employed the use of power and vigor to force people into doing what was favorable to him. However, during the 1930’s, Italy suffered a great blow in its economy.Because of this, Mussolini aimed to establish and develop the Italian Empire. Mussolini believed that in order to improve the economic status of Italy, he should be able to conquer other countries, especially countries in power, in order to capture dominance over the Mediterranean. To further his accomplishment, he supp orted the Nazi Fascist government of Adolf Hitler, and engaged in oppressing the Jews. Because of his brutal means of ruling the government, Italy was not able to bear his rule and discontinued their support for Mussolini.During the World War II, Mussolini submerged Italy into war despite the opposition of the people. It was fear that drove Mussolini into joining the World War II. In this period of chaos and hostilities, Mussolini was able to conquer the European Sea and African Mediterranean Sea, including France, Greece, and Egypt. In the 1940’s, Mussolini suffered a great loss as he lost his control over the Mediterranean Sea. After this political failure, Mussolini was capture and dubbed as the pawn of Hitler.He was shot in Como province leading him to his grave. References About. Com. (2007). The Columbia Encyclopedia: Mussolini, Benito. Retrieved December 7, 2007, from About. Com. Website: http://history1900s. about. com/gi/dynamic/offsite. htm? site=http%3A%2F%2Fwww. b artleby. com%2F65%2Fmu%2FMussolin. html Notable Biographies. (2007). Benito Mussolini Biography. Retrieved December 7, 2007, from Advameg, Inc. Website: http://www. notablebiographies. com/Mo-Ni/Mussolini-Benito. html Benito Mussolini A fascist leader of Italy form 1922 to 1943, BENITO MUSSOLINI, centralized all of his power as the leader of the powerful fascist party and tried to make an Italian empire in coalition with the German dictator Adolph Hitler. The conquering of the Italian army in WW2 led to the end of his grand dream and the downfall of his empire. He was born in the town of Predappio close to Forli in Romagna in July 29 1883 to a Black smith name Alessandro and a School teacher Rosa. Just like his father, Mussolini became a keen socialist.In 1901 he qualified as an elementary schoolmaster. The next year he migrated to Switzerland. There he was having difficulty in finding a stable job and was later arrested because of vagrancy, he was barred from Switzerland and was returned to his native land of Italy to serve in the Military. Due to some more trouble with the police, he started working in a newspaper in the town of Trento in Austria where he wrote a novel The Cardinal’s Mistress which was la ter translated into English. Socialist AssociationsHe was later barred by the Austrians too. He later became an editor of a socialist newspaper La Lotta di Classe (The Class struggle) in Forli. His early passion for Karl Marx was enhanced by a combination of ideas from the innovative policy of Auguste Blanqui, syndicalism of Georges Sorel and the thinking of Friedrich Nietzche. Benito later became a secretary of a local Socialist party in Forli in the year 1910. At this point of life, he had a political view totally opposite to what was to come later. He was antipatriotic.In 1911 when Turkey was to be attacked by Italy, he was jailed for his propaganda of peace keeping. He was later editor of an official Socialist newspaper by the name of Avanti in Milan where he recognized himself as one of the most powerful labor leaders in the Italian communism. He had a viewpoint that the working class should unite into a formidable unit prepared to seize power at any time. From here on than the Fascist movement started. When the WW1 started in 1914, Benito along with other communists agreed that Italy should not be a part of it.The only war acceptable to him was the Class war, and he threatened the government that he will lead a When World War I broke out in 1914; Mussolini agreed with the other Socialists that Italy should not join it. Only a class war was acceptable to him, and he threatened to be the leader of a People’s revolt against the government if Italy was a part of the WW1. After several months he suddenly changed his viewpoint on the war and decided to leave the editorial chair along with the socialist party. Birth of FascismHe established a new paper in November of 1914 by the name of Popolo D Italia and prewar group Fascia d Azione Rivoluzionaria. He clearly hoped that the WW1 would result in the collapse of the Italian government which would gain him power. He was to serve in the military later where he was injured in a grenade practice and because o f that he returned to his newspaper editing. In March 1919 Fascism developed into a planned political movement when Mussolini established the Fasci de Combattimento. He failed in the 1919 elections but later in 1921 he entered into the Parliament as a right wing member.Armed squads were established by the Fascist to terrify Benito’s former communist co workers. The government rarely hampered the movement. He got support from the industrialists and in return he gave his support to strike breaking and later he deserted radical demonstrations. The moderate governments of Giovanni Giolitti, Luigi Facta and Ivanoe Bonomi failed to prevent the increase of chaos, Benito was asked by king in October of 1922 to establish a government. Fascist Dictatorship He was supported by the Liberals in the parliament.With their support he initiated stringent censorship and changed the way elections were held in 1925-26 so that he had absolute power and could suspend all other political parties to work. As he had control over the press, he slowly made a legend of Duce, a human being capable of making everything right and had the ability to solve all the problems whether they are political or economic. Soon Italy became a police state. Whoever resisted him like Giacomo Matteotti did of the Socialist party he was very much cruel to them. He had a great skill in propaganda that he had very little opposition.After 1922, many time he personally took over seven departments at the same time like foreign affairs, ministry of the corporations, Army and other armed service, public works, interior ministry along with the premiership. He was the leader of the Powerful Fascist party which was established in the 1921 and also was the leader of the Fascist armed Militia. This made him to be successful in keeping power in his own hands and averting the surfacing of any competitor. This all came at a price of making a government which was corrupt, over centralized and totally inefficient.He spent most of his time on propaganda whether he was in Italy or some where else, here his training as a journalist was precious. Each and every mode of information was carefully monitored to create a fantasy that fascism was the main principle of the 20th century and was take the place of equality and freethinking. He wrote an article in which he laid down the principles of this policy which appeared in Encyclopedia Italiana in 1932. An agreement was signed in 1929 with the Vatican, which finally recognized the Italian State. His leadership finished the parliamentary system.He rewrote the law codes. The teacher teaching in universities or schools were swearing on an oath to secure the regime of Fascist. Mussolini himself started choosing editors of the newspapers and no other editor could establish a newspaper without the permission of the Fascist party. Trade unions were not given total independence were included in what was called the corporative system. The main aim was to place all the Italian public in different organization and corporations which were professional but all under the rule of the government.Mussolini had the idea of shifting the industries from public to private owners with the help of his financial backers. But later in 1930 he started moving back to the conflicting intensity of inflexible governmental control of industry. A huge sum of money was spent on different public works due to which the Italian economy suffered a great deal as he had placed so much money on the heavy industry to make Italy self sufficient but this was not possible as Italy was lacking numerous resources. Military AggressionIn his foreign policy Mussolini started shifting from a peace loving anti imperialism to a tremendous outline of violent self rule. In 1923 the bombing of Corfu is an example of his self rule. After setting up a dummy government in Albania and re capturing Libya, he had a dream of making the Mediterranean Sea Italian Sea. Later in 1935 he along w ith others established an anti Hitler policy at the Stresa Conference to protect the freedom of Austria. His successful battle against Ethiopia (than Abyssinia) was opposed by the League of Nations.Because of this he made a deal with the Nazi Germany, which before had been introverted from the league. Any prospect of a settlement between Britain and France ended when took an active part in the 1936-1939 Spanish Civil War and took the side of General Francisco Franco. After having to make a deal with the Germans, he had to accept the German capturing of Austria and Czechoslovakia’s dismemberment. In 1938 at the Munich Conference, he portrayed himself as a fair person functioning for peace in Europe.His allegiance with Germany was later confirmed when in 1939 he made a Pact of Steel with Adolph Hitler. Being an inferior partner to the Germans, Benito followed the same racial policy as did the German’s did against the Jews. When World War 2 was coming nearer, Mussolini ma de his intention clear to conquer Tunisia, Malta and Corsica. He conquered Albania after a short war in 1939. He didn’t realize that by gaining more power he would have a power balance in Europe, instead he favored a policy pretending and threaten to persuade the Western powers to make way for his growing territorial demands.He lectured for 15 years regarding the merits of war and the military keenness of Italy to battle, but his army was totally unprepared when the attack on Poland by Hitler led to the World War 2. He remained quite for a while until n unless he was sure who will win. He declared war in1940 after the collapse of France, thinking that the war will only last for a few weeks. He later attacked Greece which showed everyone that he was not prepared for a successful military machine. He had no alternative left but to pursue Hitler in announcing war on Russia and United States both in 1941.After Italy was defeated all ends, and the landing of Anglo American in Sici ly in 1943 led to many of Benito’s co workers to turn against him at a conference in Fascist Grand hall on July 25, 1943. This also led to the king dismissing him and ordered for his arrest. The Germans rescued him after a couple of months, after being rescued he set up a Republican Fascist state in north of Italy. Under the German’s he was not more than a dummy. Benito later returned to his ideas of collectivization and communism. He executed the Fascist leader who turned against him including his own son in law.He blamed the Italian public for this although they had been supporting all along his colonial dream. When the Allied Armies reached Milan on April 27 in 1945, Benito along with his mistress Clara Petacci were captured by the Italian enthusiasts, when he was trying to flee into Switzerland. Assassination A day later, Benito and his mistress were both shot dead near a village of Dongo, along with his 15 colleagues, comprising of ministers and officials. The kil lings were conducted by Colonel Walter Audisio; he was given the order to kill Benito by the National Liberation Committee.Later a witness by the name of Bruno Giovanni confessed that he had killed Benito and his mistress but these reports were never confirmed. After the killings, both the bodies were hanging upside down on meat hooks in Milan along with the fifteen colleagues killed, to confirm that the once mighty leader has been killed. This was to discourage the fighting by the fascists. The body was to become a thing of mockery and mistreatment by those who felt he was a cruel ruler. His body was later taken down and buried in an unmarked grave in Milan. Later his body was stolen but retrieved and brought to Predappio.Here he was buried in his family vault. A large marble of himself sits on top of the tomb. He was survived by his wife, Rachel, two sons Romano and Vittorio and his daughter Edda, whose husband was killed by Benito. His third son was killed in an air incident. Bib liography †¢ Benito Mussolini from Answers. com. Retrieved March 27, 2007. From http://www. answers. com/topic/benito-mussolini †¢ Benito Mussolini from Wikipedia (2007). Retrieved on March 28, 2007. From http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Benito_Mussolini †¢ Benito Mussolini Background. Retrieved on March 28, 2007.From http://library. thinkquest. org/17120/data/bios/mussolini/background/backg1. html †¢ Mussolini, Benito from BartleBy (2005). Retrieved on March 28, 2007. From http://www. bartleby. com/65/mu/Mussolin. html †¢ Benito Mussolini. Retrieved on March 28, 2007. From http://www. info. tampere. fi/a/amuri/tyot/ilduce3. htm †¢ Benito Mussolini from Spartacus Educational. Retrieved on March 28, 2007. From http://www. spartacus. schoolnet. co. uk/2WWmussolini. htm †¢ Benito Mussolini. Retrieved on March 28, 2007. From http://www. moreorless. au. com/killers/mussolini. html Benito Mussolini Mussolini is considered to be the founding Father of Fascism, seizing power by a combination of terror and persuasion. He held Italy firmly in his grasp by crushing his enemies while still promising glory. Mussolini was able to successfully turn Italy into a com/world-history-unit-3/">dictatorship under a fascist regime because of the country’s internally divided war-torn society as well as the weak state of Italy’s minority governments which could not unite to oppose fascism and finally because of his ability to appeal to this country through a false sense of security and nationalism. Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini was born in Predappio on July 29, 1883.Son of a socialist blacksmith, he grew up to be a self-proclaimed â€Å"anti-patriot† like his father (The Columbia Encyclopedia 33087). He hadn’t taken to school and rebelled against most things. He had gotten expelled from his first school, which was a catholic school ran my monks, though he did better in his second. He went on to become a qualified school teacher, even though he wasn’t interested in teaching. Benito Mussolini had a passion for politics. In June 1902, Mussolini went to Switzerland and got involved with some Italian socialists and got a job as a brick layer and joined the trade union.When he had suggested the very revolutionary idea for a general strike, he got expelled from Switzerland in 1903. He then went to an area called Trentino, which was ruled by the Austrians. The authorities soon labeled him as a trouble-maker; he encouraged the trade unions and attacked the Catholic Church. He was then expelled from Trentino in 1909 (Hibbert 4-10). Throughout Mussolini’s life, he had made his rise to power, many accomplishments, and in the end he had made a huge effect on his country.After being wounded in the trenches during World War I, he was sent home because of an injury only to become editor of his own newspaper. It was called Il Popolo d’Ital ia or The People of Italy. This represented his changing of his pacifist views, he used his paper to spread his new ideas and gain support. Mussolini also organized a pro-war group called Fasci d’Azione Rivoluzionaria. After the war he joined a different group called the Arditi Association, which was a military assembly composed of WWI veterans. Both of the associations contributed to the beginning of fascism.In 1919, Mussolini founded the Fasci de Combattimento, which was the skeletal structure for what was to become the political movement of Fascism. This attracted the attention of the lower-middle class with its nationalistic, anti-liberal ideas (The Columbia Encyclopedia 33087). During the 1920’s the Black Shirt Militia was formed by Mussolini due to his disgust with the corruption of the liberal and later socialist Italian government. Originally, they were reformers but then their methods became harsher and they used violence, intimidation, and murder.One of their typical techniques was to force-feed they’re opponents castor oil, which was often laced with petrol. Another method was to force them to swallow live frogs! Mussolini slowly began to back away from the Arditi Association as his Fascist movement became more powerful. In 1921 he was elected to parliament and the National Fascist party was organized. When his Fascists were sent to march on Rome they were permitted to enter the city and King Victor Emmanuel III called on him to form a cabinet (Lewis 16). This helped him gradually transform the government into a dictatorship.He soon got the official title of head of the government. His ambition to restore greatness found expression in pretentious slogans and speeches in the creation of monumental buildings which helped his encouragement of extreme nationalist groups. The fascist regime turned society into individuals who would just obey and distrust reason as well as understand violence as an essential tool to order. Ideally the country would transform into a totalitarian state; where the government would have total control over the lives of individuals and this would mean that anything is justified if it serves the states ands.Fascism emphasized victory, glorified war, is cruel to the weak, and is irrational and intolerant. Mussolini used the condition of the country to his advantage in his journey to becoming the dictator of Italy. Mussolini actually began his political career as a socialist and then became attracted to fasces, the ancient Roman symbol of the life-and-death power of the state, bundles of the lictor’s rods of chastisement which, when bound together, were stronger then when they were apart – reflecting the intellectual debt that fascism owed to socialism and presaging the symbolism of the renewed Roman imperium Mussolini promised to bring about.Mussolini claimed that it would help strengthen a relatively new nation (which had been united only in the 1860's in the Risorgimento ), although some would say that, like Lenin, he wished for a collapse of society that would bring him to power. Evidently, Mussolini accomplished many things during WW II on the Axis side. He started taking over Italy when he was dubbed Dictator. This was when he first was addressed as Il Duce, which means â€Å"the leader. † Since he had all the power of Italy, he began to take over and make all of the decisions.Mussolini started building roads, kept rivers from over-flowing, increased over production and ran the trains on time. He also extended his control over other countries. He invaded Ethiopia in 1935 and took over Albania in 1939. Not only was Benito Mussolini the leader of Italy, he was also the youngest dictator of Italy. Mussolini’s main role during WW II was being the leader of Italy. As earlier stated, he had tried taking over Ethiopia and seized Albania. Later on, the axis powers took over countries such as: Austria, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, France, Polan d, Romania, and many more.Mussolini soon became known as Hitler’s right hand man, and this helped him become very popular. Through his accomplishments, he pushed Hitler to make his own Fascist party. They became known as the Nazis. The axis power created a Rome-Berlin alliance of totalitarianism. As the axis power had every say in what people did, German, Italy, and Japan felt as though they could do anything. Mussolini had been a huge part with the axis powers during WW II (Lewis 15- 16). Once the Allies had occupied the southern part of Italy in 1943, the King had ordered Mussolini to be arrested in order to sign the peace agreement.He had then been imprisoned and then liberated by the Germans, Mussolini lived in northern Italy until his capture by the Italian Monarchy. He was then executed by the monarchy on April 28, 1945 along with his mistress, Claretta Petacci, by military forces of the Italian Resistance. The next day, their corpses and those of Mussolini’s hen chmen were hanged in the Piazzale Loreto, Milan, for public view (Antliff 1). Antagonisms between political parties had given rise to a civil war that continued for about three more years. Italians then decided, in 1946, to vote to dissolve the Monarchy.Then in 1948, the first political elections were held. Mussolini’s dictatorship will forever be remembered for bringing on many Mafia and Mani Pulite scandals and for political disillusion among Italian youth which escalated into such terrorist acts as Brigate Rosse and the Moro Affair. The Brigate Rosse was a Marxist-Leninist terrorist organization that arose out of a student protest movement in the late 1960’s. They had wanted to separate Italy from NATO and promoted violence in the service of class warfare and revolution. The original group concentrated on assassination and kidnapping of Italian Government and private-sector targets.They haven’t conducted an act since 1988, and have been largely inactive since the Italian and France police arrested many of the group’s members. In 1978, the BR had kidnapped Aldo Moro who was the Italian president-to-be. This became known as the Moro Affair. The 50 year period that Mussolini ran as dictator is now labeled as the First Republic which renewed Italian confidence in the democratic process (Lewis 17). The recent appearance of skinhead guards of honour at Mussolini’s tomb had provoked a controversy about how Italians should view their fascist period.Unlike Germany, Italy has never faced up to its role in WW II, preferring to see itself in the role of victim. The national narrative omits the first part of the war, in which Italians fought along side the Germans, and committed crimes in Albania, Greece, and Yugoslavia. Today, a resurgent nationalism has continued to gloss over the more shameful parts of Italian history, while at the same time allowing fascist apologists to exalt Italy’s most notorious 20th leader (Antliff 1). As the great dictator of Italy Benito Mussolini had rose to power by forcing his way to the top.He didn’t let anything stand in his way, even if it meant scamming. He achieved whatever he felt needed to happen, which finally, effected Italy’s history. All in all, Italy unlike the rest of Europe was greatly affected by the first World War and the state that the country was left in made it vulnerable to the extremist view of Mussolini and was easily transformed into a dictatorship and lead into a fateful alliance with Germany. Mussolini and his fascist ideals were able to overthrow Italy and turn it into a dictatorship and lead it into the second World War behind Hitler’s Germany.Mussolini was able to successfully turn Italy into a dictatorship under a fascist regime because of the country’s internally divided war-torn society as well as the weak state of Italy’s minority governments which could not unite to oppose fascism and finally because of his ability to appeal to this country through a false sense of security and nationalism. In my opinion, Mussolini played a negative role in the course of history. He led the Italians into the Second World War and so happened to join the wrong side. Subsequently, the country suffered lasting physical, political, and cultural damage.Their government remains constantly in turmoil. His methods and tactics fostered the rise of the Mafia in Italy. The Mafia and related activities gave the Italians an unfavorable international reputation with crime and trust even today. He fostered distrust of the government by the Italian people, which in itself was not bad, but his chosen methods of accomplishing objectives were proven to be ineffective. His leadership led to the eventual dissolution of the Italian Monarchy, which could have helped stabilize the country had it remained intact much like Britain’s and Sweden’s.His effect on Italy, in many ways, is still being felt today. Works Ci ted Antliff, Mark. Fascism, Modernism and Modernity. The Art Bulletin, Vol. 84, 2002. Falasca-Zamponi, Simonetta. Fascist Spectacle: The Aesthetics of Power in Mussolini's Italy. Berkeley: U of California P, 1997. Fermi, Laura. Mussolini. University of Chicago Press, 1966 Hibbert, Christopher. Il Duce: The Life of Benito Mussolini. Little, Brown, 1962. Lewis, Paul H. Latin Fascist Elites: The Mussolini, Franco, and Salazar Regimes. Praeger, 2002. Mussolini, Benito. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, 2004.

Wednesday, January 8, 2020

Features Of Cubism And How It Represented Through The...

Between the nineteenth and twentieth century, with the development of new technology diverse new art style was defined by artists in various genres such as architect, painter and poet. Especially, in the beginning of the twentieth century in Europe, an avangarde art movement had started and spread rapidly across the world. The movement was called Cubism, which was described as the most innovative and influential visual art style at that time, because the idea of Cubism was aside from a fixed idea of realism after the Renaissance and it has opened a new era of art. Accordingly, nowadays, some people said that the art of the twentieth century would be totally different without effect of Cubism. This essay will explain the feature of cubism and how it represented through the artwork of cubist. First of all, one of the characteristics of Cubism is that the cubist made a painting from diverse view points. Instead of looking at one side of the object, changed viewpoint differently. Accordingly, the cubist artworks are expressed the plurality of view than the one point perspective to the screen perspective. Andrew Glassner also wrote that â€Å"Cubist painters explored the process of creating images from multiple, simultaneous points of view† and Erika Gonzaiez claim that â€Å"Cubism involved looking at the same object from a variety of different perspectives and showing all these perspectives at the exact same time† . At the same time, the cubist painters ignored the idea that paintingShow MoreRelatedGuernic Guernica, Pablo Picasso2517 Words   |  11 Pagesthe most well known name in modern art, with the most diverse and definite style and eye for artistic formation. There had been no other artists, prior to Picasso, who had such an influence on the art worl d; this is successfully demonstrated through his artwork titled ‘Guernica.’ Guernica makes a sturdy and solid political statement, painted as an immediate reaction to the Nazi’s devastating casual bombing practice and social injustice on the Basque town of Guernica in 1937. Guernica illustrates theRead MoreCase Study, Marc Chagall1973 Words   |  8 PagesDiscuss how the environment and other influences, for example personal beliefs, have shaped the work of at least one artist you have studied this year. Refer to work done by this artist to substantiate your statements. Marc Chagall was a Russian/French artist who was born into a poor family of Hassidic Jews on the 7th July 1887. Throughout his working life he was based in Russia from 1906-1910, then he moved to France for four more years before moving back to Russia and Soviet Belarus for eightRead MoreThe Physicality of an Artwork Is a Product of Its Time and Place.2219 Words   |  9 Pagesan artwork is a product of its time and place.† Discuss this statement in relation to one example from this assessment task, 2 artworks from modernism and two contemporary examples you have studied. Throughout time, the representation of a particular subject matter in art has changed to encompass the values of the time and place or challenge them through art. An artist is influenced by society’s ideologies’ and thus either represent these ideologies’ or challenge them within their artwork as